editorial · serif · sans · structured · news · light · smart-brevity · bullets

Axios

Smart-brevity in chromatic form — blocky white canvas, Tiempos-flavored Atiza serif, signature `Why it matters:` time-bars and bullet-first prose.

By webdesignhot · www.axios.com
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Tokens design.md/v1.5
  • bg #ffffff
  • bg-section #ffffff
  • bg-section-newsletter #fafafa
  • bg-dark #1a1a1a
  • bg-darkest #000000
  • surface #ffffff
  • surface-soft #f5f5f5
  • surface-strong #e8e8e8
  • surface-quote #f0f4fb
  • surface-blue-tint #e6eef9
  • text AAA · 12.6 #333335
  • text-strong #000000
  • text-muted #666668
  • text-soft #888889
  • text-faint — · 2.3 #aaaab0
  • text-on-blue #ffffff
  • text-on-dark #ffffff
  • brand AAA · 8.9 #0044a5
  • brand-hover #003a8c
  • brand-active #002e72
  • brand-soft #cfdaef
  • brand-deep #001f4d
  • brand-secondary #d6062b
  • link #0044a5
  • link-hover #003a8c
  • link-visited #666668
  • on-brand #ffffff
  • on-dark #ffffff
  • border — · 1.3 #e0e0e0
  • border-soft #f0f0f0
  • border-strong — · 2.8 #999999
  • border-rule #000000
  • border-blue #0044a5
  • shadow-card rgba(0,0,0,0.06)
  • shadow-elev rgba(0,0,0,0.1)
  • shadow-modal rgba(0,0,0,0.3)
  • scrim rgba(0,0,0,0.6)
  • success #2a8a4f
  • success-soft #dff0e7
  • warning #cc7a00
  • warning-soft #fde9cc
  • danger #d6062b
  • danger-soft #fbd6dc
  • info #0044a5
  • info-soft #cfdaef
  • time-bar #000000
  • time-bar-bg #f5f5f5
  • newsletter-banner #0044a5
Typography
Ship faster than ever.
headline-mega "Atiza" 56px w700 -0.02em
Ship faster than ever.
headline-jumbo "Atiza" 42px w600 -0.015em
Ship faster than ever.
headline-xl "Atiza" 32px w600 -0.005em
The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog.
masthead-wordmark "NB International Pro" 28px w700 -0.01em
The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog.
pull-quote "Atiza" 28px w500 0
Ship faster than ever.
headline-lg "Atiza" 26px w600 0
Ship faster than ever.
headline-md "Atiza" 22px w600 0
Ship faster than ever.
headline-sm "Atiza" 18px w600 0
The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog.
deck "Atiza" 18px w400 0
The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog.
body-md "Atiza" 18px w400 0
The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog.
bullet "Atiza" 17px w400 0
The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog.
body-sm "Atiza" 16px w400 0
The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog.
why-it-matters "NB International Pro" 16px w700 0
OUR DESIGN SYSTEM
section-label "NB International Pro" 14px w700 0.04em
OUR DESIGN SYSTEM
button-label "NB International Pro" 14px w600 0.04em
OUR DESIGN SYSTEM
time-bar-label "NB International Pro" 13px w700 0.06em
The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog.
byline "NB International Pro" 13px w600 0
The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog.
nav-link "NB International Pro" 13px w600 0.06em
OUR DESIGN SYSTEM
caption "NB International Pro" 13px w400 0
The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog.
dateline "NB International Pro" 12px w500 0.02em
The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog.
estimated-read "NB International Pro" 12px w600 0.02em
npx design-md add linear
code-micro "NB International Pro Mono" 12px w400 0
The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog.
photo-credit "NB International Pro" 11px w500 0.04em
The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog.
micro-meta "NB International Pro" 11px w500 0.04em
Spacing
  • step-0 2px
  • step-1 4px
  • step-2 8px
  • step-3 12px
  • step-4 16px
  • step-5 20px
  • step-6 24px
  • step-7 32px
  • step-8 40px
  • step-9 48px
  • step-10 64px
  • step-11 80px
  • step-12 96px
  • step-13 120px
Radius
  • micro 0px
  • none 0px
  • sm 2px
  • md 4px
  • lg 6px
  • pill 9999px
Components
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Tailwind

theme.extend block for tailwind.config.js

tailwind.config.js
CSS variables

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design.css
DTCG JSON

W3C Design Tokens Community Group format

design.tokens.json
Figma Variables

Importable into Figma → Variables → Import

figma-variables.json
The file
---
name: Axios
tagline: Smart-brevity in chromatic form — blocky white canvas, Tiempos-flavored Atiza serif, signature `Why it matters:` time-bars and bullet-first prose.
author: webdesignhot
source_url: https://www.axios.com
spec: design.md/v1.5
quality: curated
featured: false
categories: [media]
tags: [editorial, serif, sans, structured, news, light, smart-brevity, bullets]
preview_swatch: ['#ffffff', '#0044a5', '#333335']
related: [theatlantic, ft, theguardian]
description: 'Axios was founded in 2017 by Jim VandeHei, Mike Allen, and Roy Schwartz (the founders of Politico) on a single editorial premise: **Smart Brevity** — short newsletters and articles structured as bullet lists with branded "section labels" ("Why it matters:", "The big picture:", "What''s next:") that signal information hierarchy at a glance. The web product ports that editorial system to chromatic and typographic form: Atiza serif (a Tiempos cousin) handles all editorial body and headlines; NB International Pro sans (Klim/Sowersby) carries chrome and the smart-brevity section labels; the signature Axios blue (`#0044a5`) marks links, CTAs, and hover states; and the **TIME-BARS** — bold horizontal rules with section labels like "Why it matters:" — punctuate every article. Density is high but rhythmic — bullet-first prose breaks dense reporting into scannable chunks, making the page feel both substantive and fast. Where Bloomberg runs terminal-orange and the FT runs salmon-pink, Axios runs **smart-brevity-blocky** — white canvas, blue-accent, time-bar punctuation, and a typographic system that mirrors the editorial system that built the brand.'

colors:
  bg: '#ffffff'                  # the canonical Axios white
  bg-section: '#ffffff'
  bg-section-newsletter: '#fafafa' # newsletter-archive section ground
  bg-dark: '#1a1a1a'              # paywall, footer
  bg-darkest: '#000000'
  surface: '#ffffff'
  surface-soft: '#f5f5f5'
  surface-strong: '#e8e8e8'
  surface-quote: '#f0f4fb'         # blue-tinted pull-quote surface
  surface-blue-tint: '#e6eef9'      # selected nav, brand-tinted backgrounds
  text: '#333335'                 # observed body color rgb(51, 51, 53)
  text-strong: '#000000'
  text-muted: '#666668'
  text-soft: '#888889'
  text-faint: '#aaaab0'
  text-on-blue: '#ffffff'
  text-on-dark: '#ffffff'
  brand: '#0044a5'                 # the Axios signature blue
  brand-hover: '#003a8c'
  brand-active: '#002e72'
  brand-soft: '#cfdaef'             # tint surface
  brand-deep: '#001f4d'             # darkest blue
  brand-secondary: '#d6062b'        # Axios red — used for breaking and live indicators
  link: '#0044a5'                  # blue as inline link color
  link-hover: '#003a8c'
  link-visited: '#666668'
  on-brand: '#ffffff'
  on-dark: '#ffffff'
  border: '#e0e0e0'                # default hairline
  border-soft: '#f0f0f0'
  border-strong: '#999999'
  border-rule: '#000000'             # black section rule
  border-blue: '#0044a5'
  shadow-card: 'rgba(0,0,0,0.06)'
  shadow-elev: 'rgba(0,0,0,0.1)'
  shadow-modal: 'rgba(0,0,0,0.3)'
  scrim: 'rgba(0,0,0,0.6)'
  success: '#2a8a4f'
  success-soft: '#dff0e7'
  warning: '#cc7a00'
  warning-soft: '#fde9cc'
  danger: '#d6062b'
  danger-soft: '#fbd6dc'
  info: '#0044a5'
  info-soft: '#cfdaef'
  time-bar: '#000000'                # the signature section-label rule color
  time-bar-bg: '#f5f5f5'              # subtle backdrop for "Why it matters:" zone
  newsletter-banner: '#0044a5'        # the morning-newsletter banner blue

typography:
  display:
    family: '"Atiza", "Tiempos Headline", Georgia, "Times New Roman", serif'
    weights: [400, 500, 600, 700]
    opentype-features: ['liga', 'kern']
  body:
    family: '"Atiza", "Tiempos Text", Georgia, "Times New Roman", serif'
    weights: [400, 500, 700]
  ui:
    family: '"NB International Pro", "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif'
    weights: [400, 500, 600, 700]
  sans-emphasis:
    family: '"NB International Pro", sans-serif'
    weights: [600, 700]
  mono:
    family: '"NB International Pro Mono", Menlo, Consolas, monospace'
    weights: [400, 500]
  scale:
    masthead-wordmark:   { size: 28, weight: 700, lineHeight: 1.0,  tracking: '-0.01em', family: ui, opentype: ['liga'] }
    headline-mega:       { size: 56, weight: 700, lineHeight: 1.05, tracking: '-0.02em', family: display }
    headline-jumbo:      { size: 42, weight: 600, lineHeight: 1.08, tracking: '-0.015em', family: display }
    headline-xl:         { size: 32, weight: 600, lineHeight: 1.13, tracking: '-0.005em', family: display }
    headline-lg:         { size: 26, weight: 600, lineHeight: 1.18, tracking: '0',         family: display }
    headline-md:         { size: 22, weight: 600, lineHeight: 1.22, tracking: '0',         family: display }
    headline-sm:         { size: 18, weight: 600, lineHeight: 1.25, tracking: '0',         family: display }
    deck:                { size: 18, weight: 400, lineHeight: 1.4,  tracking: '0',         family: body }
    body-md:             { size: 18, weight: 400, lineHeight: 1.6,  tracking: '0',         family: body }
    body-sm:             { size: 16, weight: 400, lineHeight: 1.55, tracking: '0',         family: body }
    bullet:              { size: 17, weight: 400, lineHeight: 1.6,  tracking: '0',         family: body }
    pull-quote:          { size: 28, weight: 500, lineHeight: 1.3,  tracking: '0',         family: display }
    section-label:       { size: 14, weight: 700, lineHeight: 1.0,  tracking: '0.04em',    family: sans-emphasis, transform: uppercase }
    time-bar-label:      { size: 13, weight: 700, lineHeight: 1.0,  tracking: '0.06em',    family: sans-emphasis, transform: uppercase }
    why-it-matters:      { size: 16, weight: 700, lineHeight: 1.3,  tracking: '0',         family: sans-emphasis, transform: none }
    byline:              { size: 13, weight: 600, lineHeight: 1.3,  tracking: '0',         family: ui }
    dateline:            { size: 12, weight: 500, lineHeight: 1.3,  tracking: '0.02em',    family: ui }
    nav-link:            { size: 13, weight: 600, lineHeight: 1.0,  tracking: '0.06em',    family: ui, transform: uppercase }
    button-label:        { size: 14, weight: 600, lineHeight: 1.0,  tracking: '0.04em',    family: ui }
    caption:             { size: 13, weight: 400, lineHeight: 1.4,  tracking: '0',         family: ui }
    photo-credit:        { size: 11, weight: 500, lineHeight: 1.3,  tracking: '0.04em',    family: ui, transform: uppercase }
    micro-meta:          { size: 11, weight: 500, lineHeight: 1.2,  tracking: '0.04em',    family: ui, transform: uppercase }
    estimated-read:      { size: 12, weight: 600, lineHeight: 1.2,  tracking: '0.02em',    family: ui }
    code-micro:          { size: 12, weight: 400, lineHeight: 1.4,  tracking: '0',         family: mono }

radius:
  micro: 0
  sm: 2
  md: 4
  lg: 6
  pill: 9999
  none: 0

spacing:
  base: 4
  scale: [2, 4, 8, 12, 16, 20, 24, 32, 40, 48, 64, 80, 96, 120]

layout:
  page-width: 1200
  prose-width: 660
  feature-width: 980
  header-height: 64
  time-bar-rule-weight: 4
  section-rule-weight: 1
  hairline-weight: 1

components:
  time-bar:
    bg: 'transparent'
    color: '#000000'
    border: 'top 4px solid #000000'
    padding: '20px 0 12px'
    use: 'The signature Axios horizontal rule — 4px solid black, with section-label like "Why it matters:" in NB International Pro 13/700 uppercase tracked 0.06em. Punctuates every article between paragraphs.'
  why-it-matters-block:
    bg: '#f5f5f5'
    color: '#000000'
    padding: '24px 32px'
    use: '"Why it matters:" section block — gray-tinted backdrop with bold uppercase label and 16/700 sans summary. The smart-brevity signature.'
  bullet-list:
    bg: 'transparent'
    color: '#333335'
    use: 'Bullet-first prose — Atiza body 17/400 with 24px hanging indent and bold blue square bullet markers in #0044a5.'
  button-primary:
    bg: '#0044a5'
    color: '#ffffff'
    radius: 4
    padding: '14px 24px'
    height: 44
    font: button-label
    use: 'Subscribe, Sign in — primary CTA. Blue fill with white text.'
  button-primary-hover:
    bg: '#003a8c'
    color: '#ffffff'
    use: 'Pointer-down on blue CTAs.'
  button-secondary:
    bg: 'transparent'
    color: '#0044a5'
    border: '1px solid #0044a5'
    radius: 4
    padding: '14px 24px'
    height: 44
    use: 'Already a subscriber, secondary actions.'
  button-text-link:
    bg: 'transparent'
    color: '#0044a5'
    use: 'Inline body links — blue text with subtle underline on hover.'
  card-headline:
    bg: '#ffffff'
    color: '#333335'
    radius: 0
    border: 'top 1px solid #e0e0e0'
    use: 'Default river card. Atiza 22/600 headline, Atiza 16/400 deck, NB International Pro 13/600 byline, "5 MIN READ" estimated-read meta in uppercase 11/500.'
  card-photo:
    bg: '#ffffff'
    color: '#333335'
    radius: 0
    use: 'Photo card with image-above + headline below; 16:9 aspect ratio.'
  card-newsletter:
    bg: '#0044a5'
    color: '#ffffff'
    radius: 6
    padding: '32px'
    use: 'Newsletter signup card — blue ground with white headline ("Sign up for Axios AM") and white email input.'
  pull-quote:
    bg: '#f0f4fb'
    color: '#000000'
    border: 'left 4px solid #0044a5'
    padding: '24px 32px'
    use: 'Blue-tinted pull-quote surface with 4px Axios blue left bar. Atiza 28/500.'
  text-input:
    bg: '#ffffff'
    color: '#333335'
    radius: 4
    height: 44
    padding: '12px 14px'
    border: '1px solid #999999'
    focus: 'border thickens to 2px Axios blue'
    use: 'Email entry, search input.'
  paywall-cta:
    bg: '#0044a5'
    color: '#ffffff'
    padding: '40px 32px'
    use: 'Axios Pro paywall — blue ground with white Atiza headline, white-outline Subscribe button.'
  nav-section-link:
    color: '#000000'
    font: nav-link
    padding: '14px 12px'
    use: 'Section nav (Politics, Business, Tech, World, Health, Science, Sports). Hover: blue underline grows from below.'
  edition-selector:
    bg: 'transparent'
    color: '#000000'
    use: 'Top-right edition picker (Axios Local cities + Axios national).'
  newsletter-cta-banner:
    bg: '#0044a5'
    color: '#ffffff'
    padding: '16px 24px'
    use: '"Get smarter, faster" — top sticky banner promoting newsletter signup. Dismissible.'
  estimated-read-pill:
    bg: '#e6eef9'
    color: '#0044a5'
    radius: 12
    padding: '4px 10px'
    font: estimated-read
    use: '"5 min read" pill — blue-tinted backdrop with blue text. Marks reading-time on every story.'

motion:
  ease-standard: 'cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1)'
  ease-emphasized: 'cubic-bezier(0.2, 0, 0, 1)'
  ease-out-soft: 'cubic-bezier(0.0, 0, 0.2, 1)'
  duration-fast: 100
  duration-standard: 200
  duration-slow: 320
  card-hover: 'image scales 1.0 → 1.02; headline color shifts to blue over 200ms; subtle 1px blue underline grows under headline'
  reduced-motion: 'respects prefers-reduced-motion: reduce — transforms suppressed, transitions become instant color sets, newsletter-banner pulse suppressed.'

breakpoints:
  mobile: 640
  tablet: 768
  desktop: 1024
  wide: 1440

shadows:
  ambient: 'rgba(0,0,0,0.04) 0 1px 2px'
  standard: 'rgba(0,0,0,0.06) 0 2px 6px'
  elevated: 'rgba(0,0,0,0.1) 0 8px 20px'
  deep: 'rgba(0,0,0,0.3) 0 16px 40px'
  ring: '0 0 0 2px #0044a5'

accessibility:
  contrast-text-on-bg: 12.0                # #333335 on #ffffff — AAA at body sizes
  contrast-text-on-blue: 9.5                # #ffffff on #0044a5 — AAA
  contrast-link-on-bg: 9.5                  # #0044a5 on #ffffff — AAA
  contrast-text-on-dark: 13.5               # #ffffff on #1a1a1a — AAA
  contrast-muted-on-bg: 7.5                 # #666668 on #ffffff — AAA body
  focus-ring: '2px solid #0044a5 (Axios blue) + 2px outline-offset'
  reduced-motion-honored: true
  touch-target-min: 44
  keyboard-nav: 'Tab moves Axios wordmark → primary nav → utility (Subscribe, Sign in, Search). Skip-link first.'

dark-mode: optional
colors-dark:
  bg: '#0d0d0d'
  surface: '#1a1a1a'
  surface-soft: '#262626'
  surface-strong: '#333333'
  text: '#ffffff'
  text-strong: '#ffffff'
  text-muted: '#b3b3b3'
  text-soft: '#8a8a8a'
  brand: '#5b8fdb'                 # blue lifts for AA on dark
  link: '#5b8fdb'
  border: '#333333'
  border-rule: '#5b8fdb'
---

## 1. Visual Theme & Atmosphere

Axios was founded in 2017 by Jim VandeHei, Mike Allen, and Roy Schwartz (the founders of Politico) on a single editorial premise: **Smart Brevity** — short newsletters and articles structured as bullet lists with branded "section labels" ("Why it matters:", "The big picture:", "What's next:", "Yes, but:", "Catch up quick:") that signal information hierarchy at a glance. The premise reshaped political and business news in the late 2010s and made Axios one of the fastest-growing news brands of the past decade.

The visual system on axios.com ports that editorial system to chromatic and typographic form. **Atiza** — a Tiempos cousin (the Storm/Klim humanist serif lineage) — handles all editorial body and headlines, giving the page a serious-broadsheet feel that contrasts with the brand's reputation for short bites. **NB International Pro** (Klim/Sowersby) carries chrome and the smart-brevity section labels. The signature **Axios blue** (`#0044a5`) marks links, CTAs, and hover states; and the **TIME-BARS** — bold 4px horizontal rules with section labels like "Why it matters:" — punctuate every article. The combination is paradoxical: a serif-serious aesthetic married to a bullet-first prose system that breaks the broadsheet convention.

Density is high but rhythmic. Where the FT and Reuters fill columns with continuous prose, Axios breaks dense reporting into bullet-first chunks. Each article opens with a 1–2 sentence Atiza standfirst, then a "Why it matters:" block (gray-tinted backdrop, bold uppercase label, sans 16/700 summary), then bullet lists with hanging indents and bold blue square markers. The TIME-BARS and section labels turn the page into a structured outline — the reader can scan for "What's next:" or "By the numbers:" without reading sequentially. This is the single most-identifying decision in the Axios visual system.

The chromatic system is **white + blue + black**, with red (`#d6062b`) reserved for breaking and live indicators. Pure white canvas. Axios blue (`#0044a5`) for primary action and accents. Black `#000` for the time-bar rules and bullet markers. Section navigation, byline meta, photo credits, and the time-bar labels all run in NB International Pro uppercase with tracked letter-spacing — a sans-emphasis vocabulary that contrasts with the Atiza serif body.

Newsletter is the brand's center of gravity. Axios AM (the morning newsletter) ships every weekday morning with the same TIME-BAR / section-label / bullet structure as the web product. The web header carries a sticky "Get smarter, faster" newsletter banner in Axios blue at the top of every page — newsletter-first marketing. Estimated-read pills mark every story with reading time ("4 min read") in the uppercase NB International Pro tracked-meta vocabulary.

**Key Characteristics:**
- **TIME-BARS** — 4px black horizontal rule with section labels ("Why it matters:", "The big picture:", "What's next:") in uppercase NB International Pro 13/700 tracked 0.06em
- **Smart-brevity bullet structure** — every article breaks into bullet-first prose with bold blue square markers
- **Atiza serif** for editorial body — Tiempos cousin (Storm/Klim humanist serif lineage)
- **NB International Pro sans** for chrome and section labels — Klim/Sowersby
- **Axios blue (`#0044a5`)** for primary action, links, focus rings, newsletter banners
- **Why it matters: blocks** — gray-tinted backdrop with uppercase label and bold sans 16/700 summary
- **Estimated-read pills** — "5 min read" in blue-tinted backdrop, the smart-brevity signature meta
- White canvas with rhythmic density — bullet-first prose breaks dense reporting into scannable chunks
- Newsletter-first marketing — sticky "Get smarter, faster" banner in blue
- Square broadsheet aesthetic — 0px on cards, 4px on buttons and inputs
- Body color `#333335` — observed on axios.com, slightly warm
- Axios Local sub-brand for city editions
- "Catch up quick:" / "Yes, but:" / "By the numbers:" — branded section vocabulary

## 2. Color Palette & Roles

### Primary
- **White Canvas** (`#ffffff`): editorial reading ground, broadsheet weight
- **Axios Blue** (`#0044a5`): the brand action color. Primary CTA fill, inline link, hover underline, focus ring, newsletter banner, estimated-read pill.
- **Body Black** (`#333335`): primary text — observed on axios.com, slightly warm

### Brand & Sub-Brand
- **Brand Blue** (`#0044a5`)
- **Blue Hover** (`#003a8c`)
- **Blue Active** (`#002e72`)
- **Blue Soft** (`#cfdaef`) — selected nav background, badge tint
- **Blue Deep** (`#001f4d`) — heaviest blue
- **Brand Red** (`#d6062b`) — breaking news, live indicator (rare use)
- **Newsletter Banner** (`#0044a5`) — same as brand
- **Axios Pro** (`#0044a5`) — Pro tier marker
- **Axios Local** (`#0044a5`) — city editions share the same blue

### Accent
- **Editorial Link Blue** (`#0044a5`) — inline body links
- **Link Hover** (`#003a8c`)
- **Link Visited** (`#666668`) — visited dims

### Interactive
- **Default Link** (`#0044a5` text + underline-on-hover)
- **Active CTA** (blue fill on white text)
- **Disabled** (`#aaaab0` text, `#e8e8e8` fill)
- **Selected** (blue-soft chip with blue text)

### Neutral Scale
- **Body** (`#333335`) — observed on axios.com (rgb 51, 51, 53)
- **Strong Black** (`#000000`) — TIME-BAR rules, max-contrast headlines
- **Muted** (`#666668`) — bylines, datelines
- **Soft** (`#888889`) — captions, photo credits
- **Faint** (`#aaaab0`) — disabled
- **Hairline** (`#e0e0e0`) — universal 1px rule

### Surface & Borders
- **White Canvas** (`#ffffff`)
- **Surface Soft** (`#f5f5f5`) — Why it matters: block backdrop, time-bar zone tint
- **Surface Strong** (`#e8e8e8`) — disabled fill
- **Surface Quote** (`#f0f4fb`) — blue-tinted pull-quote surface
- **Surface Blue Tint** (`#e6eef9`) — selected nav, brand-tinted backgrounds
- **Hairline** (`#e0e0e0`)
- **Border Strong** (`#999999`) — form input border
- **Border Rule** (`#000000`) — TIME-BAR rules, section break

### Shadow Colors
Shadows are **neutral black-tinted**, kept light. Axios favors flat broadsheet over elevated UI:
- `rgba(0,0,0,0.04) 0 1px 2px` — minimal ambient
- `rgba(0,0,0,0.06) 0 2px 6px` — dropdown
- `rgba(0,0,0,0.1) 0 8px 20px` — overlay
- `rgba(0,0,0,0.3) 0 16px 40px` — modal

### Semantic
- **Success** (`#2a8a4f` on `#dff0e7`) — confirmation messages
- **Warning** (`#cc7a00` on `#fde9cc`) — amber for advisory
- **Danger / Breaking** (`#d6062b` on `#fbd6dc`) — breaking news, form errors
- **Info** (`#0044a5` on `#cfdaef`) — info shares brand blue

## 3. Typography Rules

### Font Family

**Display & Body**: `Atiza` — a Tiempos cousin in the Storm Type Foundry / Klim Type Foundry humanist serif lineage. Atiza handles all editorial typography on axios.com — both headlines and body. The single-serif discipline is unusual in news design (most peers split display and body into separate serif families); Axios uses one face for both roles. Available in 400, 500, 600, 700. Fallback: `"Tiempos Headline", Georgia, "Times New Roman", serif`.

**UI**: `NB International Pro` — Klim Type Foundry's NB International, used for navigation, button labels, bylines, section labels, and the smart-brevity branded labels ("Why it matters:", "The big picture:"). Available in 400, 500, 600, 700. Fallback: `"Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif`.

**Sans Emphasis**: `NB International Pro` at weight 700 — used for the TIME-BAR labels and the "Why it matters:" summary text. The sans-emphasis runs in uppercase tracked 0.04em–0.06em, contrasting with the Atiza serif body.

**Mono**: `NB International Pro Mono` — used rarely on code blocks. Fallback: `Menlo, Consolas, monospace`.

**OpenType features**: Atiza uses standard ligatures and tightly-tuned kerning at display sizes. NB International Pro is used in tracked-uppercase mode for all section labels, button labels, and meta.

### Hierarchy

| Role | Font | Size | Weight | Line Height | Letter Spacing | OT Features | Notes |
|------|------|------|--------|-------------|----------------|-------------|-------|
| masthead-wordmark | NB International Pro | 28 | 700 | 1.0 | -0.01em | liga | "axios" wordmark |
| headline-mega | Atiza | 56 | 700 | 1.05 | -0.02em | — | Cover-class headline |
| headline-jumbo | Atiza | 42 | 600 | 1.08 | -0.015em | — | Top-of-fold lead |
| headline-xl | Atiza | 32 | 600 | 1.13 | -0.005em | — | Above-fold secondary |
| headline-lg | Atiza | 26 | 600 | 1.18 | 0 | — | River lead |
| headline-md | Atiza | 22 | 600 | 1.22 | 0 | — | River sub |
| headline-sm | Atiza | 18 | 600 | 1.25 | 0 | — | Compact module |
| deck | Atiza | 18 | 400 | 1.4 | 0 | — | Standfirst — serif, weight 400 |
| body-md | Atiza | 18 | 400 | 1.6 | 0 | — | Default running text |
| body-sm | Atiza | 16 | 400 | 1.55 | 0 | — | Compact card body |
| bullet | Atiza | 17 | 400 | 1.6 | 0 | — | Bullet-first prose with hanging indent |
| pull-quote | Atiza | 28 | 500 | 1.3 | 0 | — | Pull-quote with blue left bar |
| section-label | NB International Pro | 14 | 700 | 1.0 | 0.04em | uppercase | "POLITICS" / "BUSINESS" |
| time-bar-label | NB International Pro | 13 | 700 | 1.0 | 0.06em | uppercase | "WHY IT MATTERS:" / "THE BIG PICTURE:" |
| why-it-matters | NB International Pro | 16 | 700 | 1.3 | 0 | — | "Why it matters:" summary text |
| byline | NB International Pro | 13 | 600 | 1.3 | 0 | — | "Sara Fischer" |
| dateline | NB International Pro | 12 | 500 | 1.3 | 0.02em | — | "Nov 5, 2024" |
| nav-link | NB International Pro | 13 | 600 | 1.0 | 0.06em | uppercase | "Politics" / "Business" |
| button-label | NB International Pro | 14 | 600 | 1.0 | 0.04em | — | "Subscribe" / "Sign in" |
| caption | NB International Pro | 13 | 400 | 1.4 | 0 | — | Photo / chart caption |
| photo-credit | NB International Pro | 11 | 500 | 1.3 | 0.04em | uppercase | "PHOTO: GETTY" |
| micro-meta | NB International Pro | 11 | 500 | 1.2 | 0.04em | uppercase | "PRO" / "EXCLUSIVE" |
| estimated-read | NB International Pro | 12 | 600 | 1.2 | 0.02em | — | "5 min read" pill |
| code-micro | NB International Pro Mono | 12 | 400 | 1.4 | 0 | — | Code blocks (rare) |

### Principles

- **Single-serif discipline (Atiza for both display and body).** Most peers split display and body into different faces; Axios uses Atiza for everything editorial. The discipline ports the brand's "one voice" editorial system into typographic form.
- **Sans for TIME-BAR labels and section labels (NB International Pro tracked uppercase).** The serif/sans contrast between body Atiza and chrome NB International Pro is identifying — bullet-first prose punctuated by sans-emphasis labels.
- **TIME-BARS are the most-identifying typographic gesture.** 4px black horizontal rule + uppercase NB International Pro 13/700 tracked 0.06em label ("WHY IT MATTERS:" / "THE BIG PICTURE:") + then content. Every article uses them.
- **Body line-height 1.6 — generous.** The bullet-first prose calls for breathing room.
- **Headlines lean weight 600–700.** Axios runs heavier display weights than the FT or Reuters — the smart-brevity brand calls for confident headlines.
- **Negative tracking on display sizes.** -0.005em → -0.02em on headlines.
- **Tracked uppercase for chrome and labels.** 0.02em–0.06em on bylines, datelines, button labels, nav links, section labels.
- **Estimated-read pill is the smart-brevity signature meta.** "5 min read" in blue-tinted pill — every story carries one.

## 4. Component Stylings

### TIME-BARS (the signature)

**`time-bar`** — A 4px solid black horizontal rule (`#000000`) sitting above a section label in NB International Pro 13/700 uppercase tracked 0.06em ("WHY IT MATTERS:", "THE BIG PICTURE:", "WHAT'S NEXT:", "YES, BUT:", "CATCH UP QUICK:", "BY THE NUMBERS:"). The TIME-BAR sits between paragraphs and punctuates every article. Padding: 20px 0 12px. The most-identifying typographic gesture in the Axios system.

**`why-it-matters-block`** — Gray-tinted backdrop (`#f5f5f5`) with the TIME-BAR above and bold uppercase label "WHY IT MATTERS:" + 16/700 sans summary text. Padding: 24×32px. Used at the top of every article as the smart-brevity capsule summary.

**`bullet-list`** — Bullet-first prose. Atiza body 17/400 with 24px hanging indent and bold blue square markers (`#0044a5`). Each bullet typically opens with a bolded NB International Pro phrase ("**The big picture:** ...") that signals the bullet's role.

### Buttons

**`button-primary`** — Blue fill (`#0044a5`), white text in NB International Pro 14/600 (sentence case, NOT uppercase — Axios diverges from broadsheet uppercase CTA convention), 4px radius, 14×24px padding, 44px height. Press: darkens to `#003a8c`.

**`button-secondary`** — Transparent fill, blue text, 1px blue border, 4px radius. "Already a subscriber? Sign in" over white.

**`button-text-link`** — Plain blue text (`#0044a5`), no surface, no border. Subtle underline grows on hover.

### Cards

**`card-headline`** — White surface, 0px radius, top 1px hairline (`#e0e0e0`), no shadow. Atiza 22/600 headline, Atiza 16/400 deck, NB International Pro 13/600 byline, "5 MIN READ" estimated-read pill in blue-tinted backdrop.

**`card-photo`** — Image-above + headline below, 16:9 aspect ratio.

**`card-newsletter`** — **Blue ground** (`#0044a5`) with white headline ("Sign up for Axios AM"), white email input, 6px radius (the only non-zero card radius). The blue card is the brand's most-frequently-deployed marketing primitive.

### Pull-Quote

**`pull-quote`** — Blue-tinted backdrop (`#f0f4fb`) with **4px Axios blue left bar** (`#0044a5`). Atiza 28/500, no italic. The blue bar marks the pull-out without italic.

### Inputs / Forms

**`text-input`** — White surface, 1px `#999999` border, 4px radius, 44px height, 12×14px padding. Focus: border thickens to 2px Axios blue.

**`paywall-cta`** — **Blue ground** (`#0044a5`) with white Atiza headline, white-outline Subscribe button. Used for Axios Pro tier promotion.

### Navigation

**`top-nav`** — White surface, 64px height, with the "axios" wordmark in NB International Pro 28/700 (lowercase, the brand's signature wordmark style). Section nav (Politics, Business, Tech, World, Health, Science, Sports, Pro, Local) horizontally arranged.

**`section-nav`** — Horizontal NB International Pro 13/600 uppercase tracked links separated by ample whitespace. Hover: blue underline grows from below over 200ms.

**`newsletter-cta-banner`** — Sticky top banner: "Get smarter, faster" in white NB International Pro 14/700 on Axios blue (`#0044a5`) ground. 16×24px padding. Dismissible with X.

### Decorative

**`time-bar`** (see above) — the signature.

**`hairline-rule`** — 1px `#e0e0e0` gray rule between river stories.

**`estimated-read-pill`** — Blue-tinted pill (`#e6eef9`) with blue text (`#0044a5`), 12px radius, 4×10px padding, NB International Pro 12/600 "5 min read".

**`live-indicator`** — Red dot (`#d6062b`) + "LIVE" label in red NB International Pro 11/700 uppercase. Used on live blogs.

## 5. Layout Principles

### Spacing System

- Base unit: **4px**
- Scale: `2 · 4 · 8 · 12 · 16 · 20 · 24 · 32 · 40 · 48 · 64 · 80 · 96 · 120`
- Section padding: 64px between page bands; 32px on mobile
- TIME-BAR vertical rhythm: 20px above rule, 12px below rule, then content
- Why it matters: block: 24px×32px internal padding, 32px above and below

### Grid & Container

- Max content width: **1200px** centered on 12-column grid
- Reading column: **660px** (slightly wider than peers — bullet hanging indents need horizontal room)
- Feature container: **980px** for hero + sidebar pairings
- Footer: 5-column link list

### Whitespace Philosophy

Axios runs **rhythmic density** — the page is dense (many headlines, dense reporting) but punctuated by TIME-BARS, Why it matters: blocks, and bullet-first structure that gives readers visual handholds. The whitespace is calibrated to the bullet rhythm — generous between sections, tight within bullets. The result is a page that feels both substantive and fast.

### Section Cadence

- Politics / Business / Tech / World / Health / Science / Sports: white canvas with hairline-separated cards
- Axios Pro (premium tier): white canvas with blue-tinted card accents, "PRO" badges
- Axios Local (city editions): white canvas with city-name in masthead, same chromatic system as national
- Newsletter archive: warm-cream-near-white backdrop with each newsletter rendered as a TIME-BAR-structured page
- Live blogs: white canvas with red live indicator

## 6. Shapes & Radius Scale

| Tier | Value | Use |
|------|-------|-----|
| None | 0px | Cards, photos, sections, alerts, paywall, TIME-BARS — broadsheet aesthetic |
| Small | 2px | Tight chrome (rare) |
| Standard | 4px | Buttons, text inputs |
| Comfortable | 6px | Newsletter card (the only rounded card) |
| Pill | 9999px | Estimated-read pill, save-article chip — when shape is round |

Axios sits in the **square broadsheet** camp with selective concessions to ergonomics. Buttons and inputs at 4px (between Bloomberg's 0px and the pill-CTA brands). Newsletter cards get 6px because they're marketing primitives, not editorial surfaces. Estimated-read pills are 12px (rounded but rectangular). Cards, photos, and editorial surfaces stay 0px.

## 7. Depth & Elevation

| Level | Treatment | Use |
|-------|-----------|-----|
| 0 — Flat | no shadow | Article body, hero, section bands |
| 1 — Hairline | 1px `#e0e0e0` rule | River cards, table rows |
| 2 — TIME-BAR | 4px black rule | The signature section punctuation |
| 3 — Section Rule | 1px `#000000` rule | Section break |
| 4 — Why it matters block | gray-tinted backdrop | Smart-brevity capsule summary |
| 5 — Brand Card | blue ground (`#0044a5`) | Newsletter cards, paywall, CTAs |
| 6 — Dropdown | `rgba(0,0,0,0.06) 0 2px 6px` | Account menu |
| 7 — Modal | `rgba(0,0,0,0.3) 0 16px 40px` | Paywall modal |

### Shadow Philosophy

Axios's depth is **typographic, not elevational**. The TIME-BAR (4px black rule) is the most-load-bearing depth signal — it punctuates the page and creates rhythm. The Why it matters: block creates a tinted-backdrop depth signal. The brand-blue card (newsletter, paywall) creates chromatic depth. Shadows are reserved for chrome (dropdowns, modals) and stay neutral.

## 8. Interaction & Motion

### Easing

- **Standard**: `cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1)`
- **Emphasized**: `cubic-bezier(0.2, 0, 0, 1)`
- **Out-soft**: `cubic-bezier(0.0, 0, 0.2, 1)`

### Durations

| Bucket | Value | Use |
|--------|-------|-----|
| Fast | 100ms | Color swaps, hairline thickening |
| Standard | 200ms | Card hover, link underline grow, nav transitions |
| Slow | 320ms | Modal enter, paywall reveal, newsletter banner appearance |

### Per-Component Recipes

- **Card hover**: image scales 1.0 → 1.02; headline color shifts to Axios blue (`#0044a5`) over 200ms; subtle 1px blue underline grows under the headline.
- **Section-nav link hover**: blue underline grows from below over 200ms standard; active section gets persistent 2px blue underline.
- **Newsletter-banner appearance**: slides down from top over 320ms emphasized on first page load; persists until dismissed.
- **Paywall modal enter**: scrim fades 0 → 0.6 black alpha over 200ms; modal translates 16px to 0 + opacity 0 → 1 over 320ms emphasized.
- **TIME-BAR appearance**: when an article expands inline (live-blog updates), the TIME-BAR fades in over 200ms with a subtle 4px-rule-grow from left to right.
- **Estimated-read pill hover**: tint deepens from `#e6eef9` to `#cfdaef` over 100ms.
- **Live indicator**: red dot pulses 1.0 → 1.4 → 1.0 over 1000ms; suppressed when reduced motion is honored.

### Page Transitions

200ms cross-fade. Newsletter banner persists across page transitions for marketing continuity.

### Reduced Motion

Live-indicator pulse suppressed; newsletter-banner appears without slide-down (just fade); card hovers degrade to color-only; transforms suppressed; TIME-BAR rule-grow → instant draw.

## 9. Accessibility & A11y

### Contrast Pairs

| Pair | Ratio | Level |
|------|-------|-------|
| #333335 body on #ffffff | 12.0 | AAA |
| #ffffff on #0044a5 (CTA) | 9.5 | AAA |
| #0044a5 on #ffffff (link) | 9.5 | AAA |
| #ffffff on #1a1a1a (dark) | 13.5 | AAA |
| #666668 muted on #ffffff | 7.5 | AAA |
| #000000 TIME-BAR rule on #ffffff | 21.0 | AAA |
| #d6062b breaking on #ffffff | 5.5 | AA body |
| #2a8a4f success on #ffffff | 4.5 | AA body |

### Focus Indicators

Focus ring: `2px solid #0044a5` (Axios blue) with 2px outline-offset. Blue pairs cleanly with white ground.

### ARIA Patterns

- **Newsletter banner**: `role="banner"`, dismiss button `aria-label="Dismiss newsletter signup"`
- **TIME-BAR sections**: rendered as `<section>` with `<h2>` for the section label so screen readers announce "Why it matters" as a section heading
- **Why it matters: block**: `role="region"` with `aria-label="Why it matters"`
- **Bullet list**: native `<ul>` / `<li>` semantics
- **Paywall modal**: `role="dialog"`, `aria-modal="true"`, focus trapped, Esc closes
- **Live blog**: `role="feed"`, new entries `aria-live="polite"`
- **Estimated-read pill**: `aria-label="5 minute read"`

### Keyboard Navigation

- Top banner: Tab → newsletter signup → dismiss
- Top nav: Tab moves wordmark → section nav → Subscribe → Sign in → Search
- Article body: Tab traverses links in reading order (TIME-BAR sections preserve linear reading)
- Skip-link first

### Screen Reader Hints

- TIME-BAR section labels announce as section headings
- Estimated-read pill announces as "5 minute read"
- Newsletter banner announces as "Banner: Get smarter, faster — sign up for Axios AM"
- Live blog entries announce with timestamp ("3 minutes ago")

### Reduced Motion

Live-indicator pulse suppressed; newsletter-banner appears without slide-down; card hovers → color-only; TIME-BAR rule-grow → instant draw.

## 10. Responsive Behavior

### Breakpoints

| Name | Width | Key Changes |
|------|-------|-------------|
| Mobile | <640px | Top banner stays sticky; masthead becomes hamburger + wordmark + Subscribe; section nav into hamburger; river cards 1-up; TIME-BARS adjust to 12px above / 8px below; bullet hanging indent reduces to 16px |
| Tablet | 640–1024px | Section nav as horizontal scroller; river cards 2-up |
| Desktop | 1024–1440px | Full section nav; river cards 3-up; sidebar appears on article pages with newsletter signup card |
| Wide | >1440px | Content caps at 1200px |

### Touch Targets

- Primary CTAs: 44×44px
- Section nav: 44px tap area
- Newsletter banner dismiss: 32×32px
- Estimated-read pill: 32×32px touch area

### Collapsing Strategy

- Newsletter banner stays sticky at all breakpoints
- Section nav becomes scroller, then hamburger
- Subscribe stays visible at all breakpoints
- River cards drop column count: 4 → 3 → 2 → 1
- Sidebar collapses below article body on tablet
- TIME-BAR rules hold their 4px weight at all breakpoints (the rule is brand-load-bearing)

### Image Behavior

- River-card images: `aspect-ratio: 16/9` desktop, `4/3` mobile
- Hero images: full-bleed up to 980px
- Photo credits in uppercase NB International Pro 11/500 always present beneath images

### Container Queries

Newsletter signup card uses container queries to switch between full-width banner and right-rail card layouts.

## 11. Content & Voice

### Tone

Direct, scannable, smart-brevity-precise. Axios's voice is calibrated for time-pressed professional readers — sentences are short, structures are bullet-first, and headlines lead with the news + the take ("US imposes new sanctions on Russian oil — and oil prices barely moved"). The brand's editorial system is the visual system; bullet structure with branded section labels is both editorial method and visual signature.

### Microcopy Patterns

- **Smart-brevity branded labels**: "Why it matters:" / "The big picture:" / "What's next:" / "Yes, but:" / "Catch up quick:" / "By the numbers:" / "Reality check:" / "Of note:" — uppercase NB International Pro 13/700 tracked 0.06em
- **Subscribe verbs**: "Subscribe to Pro", "Sign up for AM", "Continue", "Sign in"
- **Newsletter messages**: "Get smarter, faster" — the brand tagline
- **Date format**: "Nov 5, 2024" — short US convention
- **Section labels in NB International Pro uppercase**: "POLITICS", "BUSINESS", "TECH"
- **Estimated-read pill**: "5 min read" — every story carries one
- **Bullet-first prose**: each bullet opens with a bold sans phrase ("**The big picture:** ...") then continues in serif body
- **Photo credit**: "PHOTO: GETTY" or "PHOTO: REUTERS"
- **Breaking**: red dot + "BREAKING" label

### CTA Verb Conventions

- Primary: **"Subscribe to Pro"**, **"Sign up for AM"**, **"Sign in"**, **"Continue"**, **"Read"**
- Secondary: **"Save"**, **"Share"**, **"Listen"**
- Tertiary: **"More on this story"**, **"Catch up quick"**, **"View all"**
- Avoided: "Click here", "Submit", "Buy now", "Learn more"

### Empty States

- Saved articles: "Your saved articles will appear here. Subscribe to Axios Pro for unlimited saving."
- Search no results: "No stories match your search. Try different keywords or check our sections."
- Newsletter archive: "No newsletters in this archive yet — subscribe to Axios AM to receive them in your inbox."
- Bookmark empty: "Bookmarks help you save stories for later. Sign in to use them."

## 12. Dark Mode & Theming

Axios supports a **system-level dark mode**. The token swap lifts the blue for AA on dark:

- `bg`: `#0d0d0d` — near-black canvas
- `surface`: `#1a1a1a`
- `surface-soft`: `#262626`
- `text`: `#ffffff` — body inverts to pure white
- `text-strong`: `#ffffff`
- `text-muted`: `#b3b3b3`
- `text-soft`: `#8a8a8a`
- `brand`: `#5b8fdb` — blue lifts for AA on dark
- `link`: `#5b8fdb`
- `border`: `#333333`
- `border-rule`: `#5b8fdb` — section rules invert from black to lifted-blue

The TIME-BAR rules in dark mode become `#5b8fdb` (lifted blue) instead of pure black — the chromatic flip preserves the rhythmic punctuation in dark mode while keeping AA contrast.

## 13. Lineage & Influences

Axios's visual lineage is **the smart-brevity editorial system**. Jim VandeHei, Mike Allen, and Roy Schwartz founded Axios in 2017 after leaving Politico, with a thesis that political and business news could be reformatted as bullet-first prose with branded section labels. The thesis became a Harvard Business School case study (2022) and a book ("Smart Brevity," 2022). The web product ports the editorial system to typographic and chromatic form: TIME-BARS, "Why it matters:" blocks, bullet-first prose, estimated-read pills.

The **Atiza** typeface is in the Tiempos / Storm Type Foundry humanist serif lineage. Tiempos itself was designed by Kris Sowersby (Klim) — the same designer who drew Reuters's Knowledge and the FT's Financier. The Atiza/Tiempos cousin relationship places Axios in the modern news-typography ecosystem alongside the FT and Reuters, but with a single-serif discipline (one face for both display and body) that's distinct.

**NB International Pro** (Klim/Sowersby) carries chrome and section labels — it's the same typeface family used by countless modern publications and design systems. The serif/sans contrast between Atiza body and NB International Pro labels is identifying.

What Axios rejects: continuous-prose articles (every article is bullet-first), italic decks (Axios uses sans 700 emphasis instead), rounded card corners on editorial (newsletter cards get 6px), the salmon-pink-broadsheet of the FT, the terminal-orange of Bloomberg, the pure-broadsheet-roman of NYT/WaPo. Axios's editorial-system-as-visual-system is what makes it distinctive — the visual decisions all trace back to the bullet-first thesis.

**Influences:**
- VandeHei / Allen / Schwartz (2017) — founding thesis: smart brevity
- "Smart Brevity" (book, 2022) — codified the editorial system
- Klim Type Foundry — NB International Pro and the Tiempos lineage that Atiza descends from — [klim.co.nz](https://klim.co.nz)
- Politico — earlier shop where the founders refined the bullet-first newsletter format
- AP / Reuters — wire-service typography that Axios both inherits from and reformats

## 14. Do's and Don'ts

**Do**
- Use **TIME-BARS** (4px black horizontal rule + uppercase NB International Pro 13/700 tracked 0.06em label) to punctuate every article between paragraphs
- Use the smart-brevity branded labels: "Why it matters:", "The big picture:", "What's next:", "Yes, but:", "Catch up quick:", "By the numbers:", "Reality check:"
- Open every article with a "Why it matters:" block — gray-tinted backdrop (`#f5f5f5`) with bold uppercase label and 16/700 sans summary
- Structure prose as bullet-first with bold blue square markers (`#0044a5`) and 24px hanging indent
- Use Atiza serif for editorial body and headlines — single-serif discipline
- Use NB International Pro for chrome, navigation, section labels, estimated-read pills
- Use Axios blue (`#0044a5`) for primary CTAs, links, focus rings, newsletter banners
- Mark every story with an estimated-read pill ("5 min read") in blue-tinted backdrop
- Run a sticky "Get smarter, faster" newsletter banner in Axios blue at the top of pages
- Use newsletter cards with blue ground (`#0044a5`) and 6px radius for marketing CTAs
- Use sentence-case button labels ("Subscribe", "Sign in") — Axios diverges from broadsheet uppercase convention

**Don't**
- Don't write continuous prose articles — Axios is bullet-first, always
- Don't drop the TIME-BARS — every article uses them; without them the page loses its identity
- Don't use a different typeface for headlines vs body — Atiza handles both, single-serif discipline
- Don't use italic decks or pull-quotes — Axios uses sans 700 emphasis instead
- Don't push display weight to 800+ — restraint at 600–700 is brand voice
- Don't apply heavy shadows to article cards — depth comes from TIME-BARS and tinted blocks, not elevation
- Don't use orange or red as a primary brand color — Axios blue is the brand
- Don't drop the "Why it matters:" block at the top of articles — it's the smart-brevity capsule summary
- Don't use uppercase button labels — Axios diverges to sentence case
- Don't use rounded card corners on editorial surfaces — broadsheet aesthetic for cards (newsletter cards excepted at 6px)

## 15. Agent Prompt Guide

### Quick Color Reference

```
Axios-Blue:        #0044a5  (brand, links, CTAs, focus ring, newsletter banner)
Blue-Hover:        #003a8c
White-Canvas:      #ffffff
Body:              #333335  (observed on axios.com)
Time-Bar-Black:    #000000  (the 4px rule)
Why-It-Matters-BG: #f5f5f5  (gray-tinted block backdrop)
Hairline:          #e0e0e0
Brand-Red:         #d6062b  (breaking news only)
Newsletter-Banner: #0044a5  (same as brand)
```

### Example Component Prompts

- "Create an Axios article opening on white (#ffffff): section label in NB International Pro 14/700 uppercase tracked 0.04em ('POLITICS') in black; headline in Atiza 42/600 #333335 with -0.015em tracking; Atiza 18/400 deck; NB International Pro 13/600 byline ('Sara Fischer') with 'NOV 5, 2024' dateline; '5 min read' pill in blue-tinted (#e6eef9) backdrop with blue (#0044a5) text. Below: a **'Why it matters:' block** — gray-tinted (#f5f5f5) backdrop, 24×32px padding, with **TIME-BAR** (4px solid #000000 rule) above and uppercase 'WHY IT MATTERS:' label in NB International Pro 13/700 tracked 0.06em, then bold sans 16/700 summary text."
- "Build an Axios bullet-first prose section: 4px black TIME-BAR rule, uppercase NB International Pro 13/700 'THE BIG PICTURE:' label, then bullet list with bold blue (#0044a5) square markers, 24px hanging indent, Atiza 17/400 body. Each bullet opens with a bold NB International Pro phrase ('**Reality check:** ...') in sentence case followed by Atiza serif continuation."
- "Design an Axios newsletter signup card: blue ground (#0044a5) with 6px radius, 32px padding. White Atiza headline 'Sign up for Axios AM' at 26/600. White email input with white-outline 'Sign up' button. The card is the brand's most-frequently-deployed marketing primitive."
- "Create an Axios primary CTA: Axios blue fill (#0044a5) with white text in NB International Pro 14/600 **sentence case** ('Subscribe' — NOT uppercase, Axios diverges from broadsheet convention), 4px radius, 14×24px padding, 44px height. Hover: darkens to #003a8c."
- "Build the 'Get smarter, faster' newsletter banner: sticky top banner, Axios blue (#0044a5) ground full-width, white text in NB International Pro 14/700 'Get smarter, faster — Sign up for Axios AM →', dismiss X icon top-right (32×32px). Slides down from top over 320ms emphasized on first page load."
- "Design an Axios pull-quote: blue-tinted backdrop (#f0f4fb) with **4px Axios blue (#0044a5) left bar**, 24×32px padding. Atiza 28/500 (no italic, sans-emphasis style is for labels only). The blue bar marks the pull-out without italic — Axios sans-emphasis discipline."

### Iteration Guide

1. **TIME-BARS are mandatory.** Every article uses 4px black horizontal rules with uppercase NB International Pro 13/700 tracked 0.06em section labels ("WHY IT MATTERS:", "THE BIG PICTURE:", "WHAT'S NEXT:"). Without TIME-BARS the page loses its identity.
2. **Bullet-first prose, never continuous.** Articles are bullet lists with bold blue square markers and hanging indents — not blocks of running text. Each bullet opens with a bolded sans phrase signaling the bullet's role.
3. **Atiza for editorial, NB International Pro for chrome.** Single-serif discipline (Atiza handles both display and body); single-sans for labels and chrome.
4. **Smart-brevity branded labels are part of the system.** "Why it matters:", "The big picture:", "What's next:", "Yes, but:", "Catch up quick:" — these are typography, not just copy. They mark structure.
5. **Estimated-read pill on every story.** "5 min read" in blue-tinted (#e6eef9) backdrop with blue (#0044a5) text — the smart-brevity meta signature.
6. **Sentence-case button labels.** Axios diverges from broadsheet uppercase CTA convention — buttons read "Subscribe", "Sign in", "Continue".
7. **Newsletter cards are brand-blue grounds.** Use `#0044a5` ground with white text and 6px radius for marketing CTAs (the only place radius creeps above 4).
8. **Body color #333335.** Slightly warm — observed on axios.com. Don't use pure black for body.
Prose

1. Visual Theme & Atmosphere

Axios was founded in 2017 by Jim VandeHei, Mike Allen, and Roy Schwartz (the founders of Politico) on a single editorial premise: Smart Brevity — short newsletters and articles structured as bullet lists with branded “section labels” (“Why it matters:”, “The big picture:”, “What’s next:”, “Yes, but:”, “Catch up quick:”) that signal information hierarchy at a glance. The premise reshaped political and business news in the late 2010s and made Axios one of the fastest-growing news brands of the past decade.

The visual system on axios.com ports that editorial system to chromatic and typographic form. Atiza — a Tiempos cousin (the Storm/Klim humanist serif lineage) — handles all editorial body and headlines, giving the page a serious-broadsheet feel that contrasts with the brand’s reputation for short bites. NB International Pro (Klim/Sowersby) carries chrome and the smart-brevity section labels. The signature Axios blue (#0044a5) marks links, CTAs, and hover states; and the TIME-BARS — bold 4px horizontal rules with section labels like “Why it matters:” — punctuate every article. The combination is paradoxical: a serif-serious aesthetic married to a bullet-first prose system that breaks the broadsheet convention.

Density is high but rhythmic. Where the FT and Reuters fill columns with continuous prose, Axios breaks dense reporting into bullet-first chunks. Each article opens with a 1–2 sentence Atiza standfirst, then a “Why it matters:” block (gray-tinted backdrop, bold uppercase label, sans 16/700 summary), then bullet lists with hanging indents and bold blue square markers. The TIME-BARS and section labels turn the page into a structured outline — the reader can scan for “What’s next:” or “By the numbers:” without reading sequentially. This is the single most-identifying decision in the Axios visual system.

The chromatic system is white + blue + black, with red (#d6062b) reserved for breaking and live indicators. Pure white canvas. Axios blue (#0044a5) for primary action and accents. Black #000 for the time-bar rules and bullet markers. Section navigation, byline meta, photo credits, and the time-bar labels all run in NB International Pro uppercase with tracked letter-spacing — a sans-emphasis vocabulary that contrasts with the Atiza serif body.

Newsletter is the brand’s center of gravity. Axios AM (the morning newsletter) ships every weekday morning with the same TIME-BAR / section-label / bullet structure as the web product. The web header carries a sticky “Get smarter, faster” newsletter banner in Axios blue at the top of every page — newsletter-first marketing. Estimated-read pills mark every story with reading time (“4 min read”) in the uppercase NB International Pro tracked-meta vocabulary.

Key Characteristics:

  • TIME-BARS — 4px black horizontal rule with section labels (“Why it matters:”, “The big picture:”, “What’s next:”) in uppercase NB International Pro 13/700 tracked 0.06em
  • Smart-brevity bullet structure — every article breaks into bullet-first prose with bold blue square markers
  • Atiza serif for editorial body — Tiempos cousin (Storm/Klim humanist serif lineage)
  • NB International Pro sans for chrome and section labels — Klim/Sowersby
  • Axios blue (#0044a5) for primary action, links, focus rings, newsletter banners
  • Why it matters: blocks — gray-tinted backdrop with uppercase label and bold sans 16/700 summary
  • Estimated-read pills — “5 min read” in blue-tinted backdrop, the smart-brevity signature meta
  • White canvas with rhythmic density — bullet-first prose breaks dense reporting into scannable chunks
  • Newsletter-first marketing — sticky “Get smarter, faster” banner in blue
  • Square broadsheet aesthetic — 0px on cards, 4px on buttons and inputs
  • Body color #333335 — observed on axios.com, slightly warm
  • Axios Local sub-brand for city editions
  • “Catch up quick:” / “Yes, but:” / “By the numbers:” — branded section vocabulary

2. Color Palette & Roles

Primary

  • White Canvas (#ffffff): editorial reading ground, broadsheet weight
  • Axios Blue (#0044a5): the brand action color. Primary CTA fill, inline link, hover underline, focus ring, newsletter banner, estimated-read pill.
  • Body Black (#333335): primary text — observed on axios.com, slightly warm

Brand & Sub-Brand

  • Brand Blue (#0044a5)
  • Blue Hover (#003a8c)
  • Blue Active (#002e72)
  • Blue Soft (#cfdaef) — selected nav background, badge tint
  • Blue Deep (#001f4d) — heaviest blue
  • Brand Red (#d6062b) — breaking news, live indicator (rare use)
  • Newsletter Banner (#0044a5) — same as brand
  • Axios Pro (#0044a5) — Pro tier marker
  • Axios Local (#0044a5) — city editions share the same blue

Accent

  • Editorial Link Blue (#0044a5) — inline body links
  • Link Hover (#003a8c)
  • Link Visited (#666668) — visited dims

Interactive

  • Default Link (#0044a5 text + underline-on-hover)
  • Active CTA (blue fill on white text)
  • Disabled (#aaaab0 text, #e8e8e8 fill)
  • Selected (blue-soft chip with blue text)

Neutral Scale

  • Body (#333335) — observed on axios.com (rgb 51, 51, 53)
  • Strong Black (#000000) — TIME-BAR rules, max-contrast headlines
  • Muted (#666668) — bylines, datelines
  • Soft (#888889) — captions, photo credits
  • Faint (#aaaab0) — disabled
  • Hairline (#e0e0e0) — universal 1px rule

Surface & Borders

  • White Canvas (#ffffff)
  • Surface Soft (#f5f5f5) — Why it matters: block backdrop, time-bar zone tint
  • Surface Strong (#e8e8e8) — disabled fill
  • Surface Quote (#f0f4fb) — blue-tinted pull-quote surface
  • Surface Blue Tint (#e6eef9) — selected nav, brand-tinted backgrounds
  • Hairline (#e0e0e0)
  • Border Strong (#999999) — form input border
  • Border Rule (#000000) — TIME-BAR rules, section break

Shadow Colors

Shadows are neutral black-tinted, kept light. Axios favors flat broadsheet over elevated UI:

  • rgba(0,0,0,0.04) 0 1px 2px — minimal ambient
  • rgba(0,0,0,0.06) 0 2px 6px — dropdown
  • rgba(0,0,0,0.1) 0 8px 20px — overlay
  • rgba(0,0,0,0.3) 0 16px 40px — modal

Semantic

  • Success (#2a8a4f on #dff0e7) — confirmation messages
  • Warning (#cc7a00 on #fde9cc) — amber for advisory
  • Danger / Breaking (#d6062b on #fbd6dc) — breaking news, form errors
  • Info (#0044a5 on #cfdaef) — info shares brand blue

3. Typography Rules

Font Family

Display & Body: Atiza — a Tiempos cousin in the Storm Type Foundry / Klim Type Foundry humanist serif lineage. Atiza handles all editorial typography on axios.com — both headlines and body. The single-serif discipline is unusual in news design (most peers split display and body into separate serif families); Axios uses one face for both roles. Available in 400, 500, 600, 700. Fallback: "Tiempos Headline", Georgia, "Times New Roman", serif.

UI: NB International Pro — Klim Type Foundry’s NB International, used for navigation, button labels, bylines, section labels, and the smart-brevity branded labels (“Why it matters:”, “The big picture:”). Available in 400, 500, 600, 700. Fallback: "Helvetica Neue", Helvetica, Arial, sans-serif.

Sans Emphasis: NB International Pro at weight 700 — used for the TIME-BAR labels and the “Why it matters:” summary text. The sans-emphasis runs in uppercase tracked 0.04em–0.06em, contrasting with the Atiza serif body.

Mono: NB International Pro Mono — used rarely on code blocks. Fallback: Menlo, Consolas, monospace.

OpenType features: Atiza uses standard ligatures and tightly-tuned kerning at display sizes. NB International Pro is used in tracked-uppercase mode for all section labels, button labels, and meta.

Hierarchy

RoleFontSizeWeightLine HeightLetter SpacingOT FeaturesNotes
masthead-wordmarkNB International Pro287001.0-0.01emliga”axios” wordmark
headline-megaAtiza567001.05-0.02emCover-class headline
headline-jumboAtiza426001.08-0.015emTop-of-fold lead
headline-xlAtiza326001.13-0.005emAbove-fold secondary
headline-lgAtiza266001.180River lead
headline-mdAtiza226001.220River sub
headline-smAtiza186001.250Compact module
deckAtiza184001.40Standfirst — serif, weight 400
body-mdAtiza184001.60Default running text
body-smAtiza164001.550Compact card body
bulletAtiza174001.60Bullet-first prose with hanging indent
pull-quoteAtiza285001.30Pull-quote with blue left bar
section-labelNB International Pro147001.00.04emuppercase”POLITICS” / “BUSINESS”
time-bar-labelNB International Pro137001.00.06emuppercase”WHY IT MATTERS:” / “THE BIG PICTURE:“
why-it-mattersNB International Pro167001.30“Why it matters:” summary text
bylineNB International Pro136001.30“Sara Fischer”
datelineNB International Pro125001.30.02em“Nov 5, 2024”
nav-linkNB International Pro136001.00.06emuppercase”Politics” / “Business”
button-labelNB International Pro146001.00.04em“Subscribe” / “Sign in”
captionNB International Pro134001.40Photo / chart caption
photo-creditNB International Pro115001.30.04emuppercase”PHOTO: GETTY”
micro-metaNB International Pro115001.20.04emuppercase”PRO” / “EXCLUSIVE”
estimated-readNB International Pro126001.20.02em“5 min read” pill
code-microNB International Pro Mono124001.40Code blocks (rare)

Principles

  • Single-serif discipline (Atiza for both display and body). Most peers split display and body into different faces; Axios uses Atiza for everything editorial. The discipline ports the brand’s “one voice” editorial system into typographic form.
  • Sans for TIME-BAR labels and section labels (NB International Pro tracked uppercase). The serif/sans contrast between body Atiza and chrome NB International Pro is identifying — bullet-first prose punctuated by sans-emphasis labels.
  • TIME-BARS are the most-identifying typographic gesture. 4px black horizontal rule + uppercase NB International Pro 13/700 tracked 0.06em label (“WHY IT MATTERS:” / “THE BIG PICTURE:”) + then content. Every article uses them.
  • Body line-height 1.6 — generous. The bullet-first prose calls for breathing room.
  • Headlines lean weight 600–700. Axios runs heavier display weights than the FT or Reuters — the smart-brevity brand calls for confident headlines.
  • Negative tracking on display sizes. -0.005em → -0.02em on headlines.
  • Tracked uppercase for chrome and labels. 0.02em–0.06em on bylines, datelines, button labels, nav links, section labels.
  • Estimated-read pill is the smart-brevity signature meta. “5 min read” in blue-tinted pill — every story carries one.

4. Component Stylings

TIME-BARS (the signature)

time-bar — A 4px solid black horizontal rule (#000000) sitting above a section label in NB International Pro 13/700 uppercase tracked 0.06em (“WHY IT MATTERS:”, “THE BIG PICTURE:”, “WHAT’S NEXT:”, “YES, BUT:”, “CATCH UP QUICK:”, “BY THE NUMBERS:”). The TIME-BAR sits between paragraphs and punctuates every article. Padding: 20px 0 12px. The most-identifying typographic gesture in the Axios system.

why-it-matters-block — Gray-tinted backdrop (#f5f5f5) with the TIME-BAR above and bold uppercase label “WHY IT MATTERS:” + 16/700 sans summary text. Padding: 24×32px. Used at the top of every article as the smart-brevity capsule summary.

bullet-list — Bullet-first prose. Atiza body 17/400 with 24px hanging indent and bold blue square markers (#0044a5). Each bullet typically opens with a bolded NB International Pro phrase (“The big picture: …”) that signals the bullet’s role.

Buttons

button-primary — Blue fill (#0044a5), white text in NB International Pro 14/600 (sentence case, NOT uppercase — Axios diverges from broadsheet uppercase CTA convention), 4px radius, 14×24px padding, 44px height. Press: darkens to #003a8c.

button-secondary — Transparent fill, blue text, 1px blue border, 4px radius. “Already a subscriber? Sign in” over white.

button-text-link — Plain blue text (#0044a5), no surface, no border. Subtle underline grows on hover.

Cards

card-headline — White surface, 0px radius, top 1px hairline (#e0e0e0), no shadow. Atiza 22/600 headline, Atiza 16/400 deck, NB International Pro 13/600 byline, “5 MIN READ” estimated-read pill in blue-tinted backdrop.

card-photo — Image-above + headline below, 16:9 aspect ratio.

card-newsletterBlue ground (#0044a5) with white headline (“Sign up for Axios AM”), white email input, 6px radius (the only non-zero card radius). The blue card is the brand’s most-frequently-deployed marketing primitive.

Pull-Quote

pull-quote — Blue-tinted backdrop (#f0f4fb) with 4px Axios blue left bar (#0044a5). Atiza 28/500, no italic. The blue bar marks the pull-out without italic.

Inputs / Forms

text-input — White surface, 1px #999999 border, 4px radius, 44px height, 12×14px padding. Focus: border thickens to 2px Axios blue.

paywall-ctaBlue ground (#0044a5) with white Atiza headline, white-outline Subscribe button. Used for Axios Pro tier promotion.

top-nav — White surface, 64px height, with the “axios” wordmark in NB International Pro 28/700 (lowercase, the brand’s signature wordmark style). Section nav (Politics, Business, Tech, World, Health, Science, Sports, Pro, Local) horizontally arranged.

section-nav — Horizontal NB International Pro 13/600 uppercase tracked links separated by ample whitespace. Hover: blue underline grows from below over 200ms.

newsletter-cta-banner — Sticky top banner: “Get smarter, faster” in white NB International Pro 14/700 on Axios blue (#0044a5) ground. 16×24px padding. Dismissible with X.

Decorative

time-bar (see above) — the signature.

hairline-rule — 1px #e0e0e0 gray rule between river stories.

estimated-read-pill — Blue-tinted pill (#e6eef9) with blue text (#0044a5), 12px radius, 4×10px padding, NB International Pro 12/600 “5 min read”.

live-indicator — Red dot (#d6062b) + “LIVE” label in red NB International Pro 11/700 uppercase. Used on live blogs.

5. Layout Principles

Spacing System

  • Base unit: 4px
  • Scale: 2 · 4 · 8 · 12 · 16 · 20 · 24 · 32 · 40 · 48 · 64 · 80 · 96 · 120
  • Section padding: 64px between page bands; 32px on mobile
  • TIME-BAR vertical rhythm: 20px above rule, 12px below rule, then content
  • Why it matters: block: 24px×32px internal padding, 32px above and below

Grid & Container

  • Max content width: 1200px centered on 12-column grid
  • Reading column: 660px (slightly wider than peers — bullet hanging indents need horizontal room)
  • Feature container: 980px for hero + sidebar pairings
  • Footer: 5-column link list

Whitespace Philosophy

Axios runs rhythmic density — the page is dense (many headlines, dense reporting) but punctuated by TIME-BARS, Why it matters: blocks, and bullet-first structure that gives readers visual handholds. The whitespace is calibrated to the bullet rhythm — generous between sections, tight within bullets. The result is a page that feels both substantive and fast.

Section Cadence

  • Politics / Business / Tech / World / Health / Science / Sports: white canvas with hairline-separated cards
  • Axios Pro (premium tier): white canvas with blue-tinted card accents, “PRO” badges
  • Axios Local (city editions): white canvas with city-name in masthead, same chromatic system as national
  • Newsletter archive: warm-cream-near-white backdrop with each newsletter rendered as a TIME-BAR-structured page
  • Live blogs: white canvas with red live indicator

6. Shapes & Radius Scale

TierValueUse
None0pxCards, photos, sections, alerts, paywall, TIME-BARS — broadsheet aesthetic
Small2pxTight chrome (rare)
Standard4pxButtons, text inputs
Comfortable6pxNewsletter card (the only rounded card)
Pill9999pxEstimated-read pill, save-article chip — when shape is round

Axios sits in the square broadsheet camp with selective concessions to ergonomics. Buttons and inputs at 4px (between Bloomberg’s 0px and the pill-CTA brands). Newsletter cards get 6px because they’re marketing primitives, not editorial surfaces. Estimated-read pills are 12px (rounded but rectangular). Cards, photos, and editorial surfaces stay 0px.

7. Depth & Elevation

LevelTreatmentUse
0 — Flatno shadowArticle body, hero, section bands
1 — Hairline1px #e0e0e0 ruleRiver cards, table rows
2 — TIME-BAR4px black ruleThe signature section punctuation
3 — Section Rule1px #000000 ruleSection break
4 — Why it matters blockgray-tinted backdropSmart-brevity capsule summary
5 — Brand Cardblue ground (#0044a5)Newsletter cards, paywall, CTAs
6 — Dropdownrgba(0,0,0,0.06) 0 2px 6pxAccount menu
7 — Modalrgba(0,0,0,0.3) 0 16px 40pxPaywall modal

Shadow Philosophy

Axios’s depth is typographic, not elevational. The TIME-BAR (4px black rule) is the most-load-bearing depth signal — it punctuates the page and creates rhythm. The Why it matters: block creates a tinted-backdrop depth signal. The brand-blue card (newsletter, paywall) creates chromatic depth. Shadows are reserved for chrome (dropdowns, modals) and stay neutral.

8. Interaction & Motion

Easing

  • Standard: cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1)
  • Emphasized: cubic-bezier(0.2, 0, 0, 1)
  • Out-soft: cubic-bezier(0.0, 0, 0.2, 1)

Durations

BucketValueUse
Fast100msColor swaps, hairline thickening
Standard200msCard hover, link underline grow, nav transitions
Slow320msModal enter, paywall reveal, newsletter banner appearance

Per-Component Recipes

  • Card hover: image scales 1.0 → 1.02; headline color shifts to Axios blue (#0044a5) over 200ms; subtle 1px blue underline grows under the headline.
  • Section-nav link hover: blue underline grows from below over 200ms standard; active section gets persistent 2px blue underline.
  • Newsletter-banner appearance: slides down from top over 320ms emphasized on first page load; persists until dismissed.
  • Paywall modal enter: scrim fades 0 → 0.6 black alpha over 200ms; modal translates 16px to 0 + opacity 0 → 1 over 320ms emphasized.
  • TIME-BAR appearance: when an article expands inline (live-blog updates), the TIME-BAR fades in over 200ms with a subtle 4px-rule-grow from left to right.
  • Estimated-read pill hover: tint deepens from #e6eef9 to #cfdaef over 100ms.
  • Live indicator: red dot pulses 1.0 → 1.4 → 1.0 over 1000ms; suppressed when reduced motion is honored.

Page Transitions

200ms cross-fade. Newsletter banner persists across page transitions for marketing continuity.

Reduced Motion

Live-indicator pulse suppressed; newsletter-banner appears without slide-down (just fade); card hovers degrade to color-only; transforms suppressed; TIME-BAR rule-grow → instant draw.

9. Accessibility & A11y

Contrast Pairs

PairRatioLevel
#333335 body on #ffffff12.0AAA
#ffffff on #0044a5 (CTA)9.5AAA
#0044a5 on #ffffff (link)9.5AAA
#ffffff on #1a1a1a (dark)13.5AAA
#666668 muted on #ffffff7.5AAA
#000000 TIME-BAR rule on #ffffff21.0AAA
#d6062b breaking on #ffffff5.5AA body
#2a8a4f success on #ffffff4.5AA body

Focus Indicators

Focus ring: 2px solid #0044a5 (Axios blue) with 2px outline-offset. Blue pairs cleanly with white ground.

ARIA Patterns

  • Newsletter banner: role="banner", dismiss button aria-label="Dismiss newsletter signup"
  • TIME-BAR sections: rendered as <section> with <h2> for the section label so screen readers announce “Why it matters” as a section heading
  • Why it matters: block: role="region" with aria-label="Why it matters"
  • Bullet list: native <ul> / <li> semantics
  • Paywall modal: role="dialog", aria-modal="true", focus trapped, Esc closes
  • Live blog: role="feed", new entries aria-live="polite"
  • Estimated-read pill: aria-label="5 minute read"

Keyboard Navigation

  • Top banner: Tab → newsletter signup → dismiss
  • Top nav: Tab moves wordmark → section nav → Subscribe → Sign in → Search
  • Article body: Tab traverses links in reading order (TIME-BAR sections preserve linear reading)
  • Skip-link first

Screen Reader Hints

  • TIME-BAR section labels announce as section headings
  • Estimated-read pill announces as “5 minute read”
  • Newsletter banner announces as “Banner: Get smarter, faster — sign up for Axios AM”
  • Live blog entries announce with timestamp (“3 minutes ago”)

Reduced Motion

Live-indicator pulse suppressed; newsletter-banner appears without slide-down; card hovers → color-only; TIME-BAR rule-grow → instant draw.

10. Responsive Behavior

Breakpoints

NameWidthKey Changes
Mobile<640pxTop banner stays sticky; masthead becomes hamburger + wordmark + Subscribe; section nav into hamburger; river cards 1-up; TIME-BARS adjust to 12px above / 8px below; bullet hanging indent reduces to 16px
Tablet640–1024pxSection nav as horizontal scroller; river cards 2-up
Desktop1024–1440pxFull section nav; river cards 3-up; sidebar appears on article pages with newsletter signup card
Wide>1440pxContent caps at 1200px

Touch Targets

  • Primary CTAs: 44×44px
  • Section nav: 44px tap area
  • Newsletter banner dismiss: 32×32px
  • Estimated-read pill: 32×32px touch area

Collapsing Strategy

  • Newsletter banner stays sticky at all breakpoints
  • Section nav becomes scroller, then hamburger
  • Subscribe stays visible at all breakpoints
  • River cards drop column count: 4 → 3 → 2 → 1
  • Sidebar collapses below article body on tablet
  • TIME-BAR rules hold their 4px weight at all breakpoints (the rule is brand-load-bearing)

Image Behavior

  • River-card images: aspect-ratio: 16/9 desktop, 4/3 mobile
  • Hero images: full-bleed up to 980px
  • Photo credits in uppercase NB International Pro 11/500 always present beneath images

Container Queries

Newsletter signup card uses container queries to switch between full-width banner and right-rail card layouts.

11. Content & Voice

Tone

Direct, scannable, smart-brevity-precise. Axios’s voice is calibrated for time-pressed professional readers — sentences are short, structures are bullet-first, and headlines lead with the news + the take (“US imposes new sanctions on Russian oil — and oil prices barely moved”). The brand’s editorial system is the visual system; bullet structure with branded section labels is both editorial method and visual signature.

Microcopy Patterns

  • Smart-brevity branded labels: “Why it matters:” / “The big picture:” / “What’s next:” / “Yes, but:” / “Catch up quick:” / “By the numbers:” / “Reality check:” / “Of note:” — uppercase NB International Pro 13/700 tracked 0.06em
  • Subscribe verbs: “Subscribe to Pro”, “Sign up for AM”, “Continue”, “Sign in”
  • Newsletter messages: “Get smarter, faster” — the brand tagline
  • Date format: “Nov 5, 2024” — short US convention
  • Section labels in NB International Pro uppercase: “POLITICS”, “BUSINESS”, “TECH”
  • Estimated-read pill: “5 min read” — every story carries one
  • Bullet-first prose: each bullet opens with a bold sans phrase (“The big picture: …”) then continues in serif body
  • Photo credit: “PHOTO: GETTY” or “PHOTO: REUTERS”
  • Breaking: red dot + “BREAKING” label

CTA Verb Conventions

  • Primary: “Subscribe to Pro”, “Sign up for AM”, “Sign in”, “Continue”, “Read”
  • Secondary: “Save”, “Share”, “Listen”
  • Tertiary: “More on this story”, “Catch up quick”, “View all”
  • Avoided: “Click here”, “Submit”, “Buy now”, “Learn more”

Empty States

  • Saved articles: “Your saved articles will appear here. Subscribe to Axios Pro for unlimited saving.”
  • Search no results: “No stories match your search. Try different keywords or check our sections.”
  • Newsletter archive: “No newsletters in this archive yet — subscribe to Axios AM to receive them in your inbox.”
  • Bookmark empty: “Bookmarks help you save stories for later. Sign in to use them.”

12. Dark Mode & Theming

Axios supports a system-level dark mode. The token swap lifts the blue for AA on dark:

  • bg: #0d0d0d — near-black canvas
  • surface: #1a1a1a
  • surface-soft: #262626
  • text: #ffffff — body inverts to pure white
  • text-strong: #ffffff
  • text-muted: #b3b3b3
  • text-soft: #8a8a8a
  • brand: #5b8fdb — blue lifts for AA on dark
  • link: #5b8fdb
  • border: #333333
  • border-rule: #5b8fdb — section rules invert from black to lifted-blue

The TIME-BAR rules in dark mode become #5b8fdb (lifted blue) instead of pure black — the chromatic flip preserves the rhythmic punctuation in dark mode while keeping AA contrast.

13. Lineage & Influences

Axios’s visual lineage is the smart-brevity editorial system. Jim VandeHei, Mike Allen, and Roy Schwartz founded Axios in 2017 after leaving Politico, with a thesis that political and business news could be reformatted as bullet-first prose with branded section labels. The thesis became a Harvard Business School case study (2022) and a book (“Smart Brevity,” 2022). The web product ports the editorial system to typographic and chromatic form: TIME-BARS, “Why it matters:” blocks, bullet-first prose, estimated-read pills.

The Atiza typeface is in the Tiempos / Storm Type Foundry humanist serif lineage. Tiempos itself was designed by Kris Sowersby (Klim) — the same designer who drew Reuters’s Knowledge and the FT’s Financier. The Atiza/Tiempos cousin relationship places Axios in the modern news-typography ecosystem alongside the FT and Reuters, but with a single-serif discipline (one face for both display and body) that’s distinct.

NB International Pro (Klim/Sowersby) carries chrome and section labels — it’s the same typeface family used by countless modern publications and design systems. The serif/sans contrast between Atiza body and NB International Pro labels is identifying.

What Axios rejects: continuous-prose articles (every article is bullet-first), italic decks (Axios uses sans 700 emphasis instead), rounded card corners on editorial (newsletter cards get 6px), the salmon-pink-broadsheet of the FT, the terminal-orange of Bloomberg, the pure-broadsheet-roman of NYT/WaPo. Axios’s editorial-system-as-visual-system is what makes it distinctive — the visual decisions all trace back to the bullet-first thesis.

Influences:

  • VandeHei / Allen / Schwartz (2017) — founding thesis: smart brevity
  • “Smart Brevity” (book, 2022) — codified the editorial system
  • Klim Type Foundry — NB International Pro and the Tiempos lineage that Atiza descends from — klim.co.nz
  • Politico — earlier shop where the founders refined the bullet-first newsletter format
  • AP / Reuters — wire-service typography that Axios both inherits from and reformats

14. Do’s and Don’ts

Do

  • Use TIME-BARS (4px black horizontal rule + uppercase NB International Pro 13/700 tracked 0.06em label) to punctuate every article between paragraphs
  • Use the smart-brevity branded labels: “Why it matters:”, “The big picture:”, “What’s next:”, “Yes, but:”, “Catch up quick:”, “By the numbers:”, “Reality check:”
  • Open every article with a “Why it matters:” block — gray-tinted backdrop (#f5f5f5) with bold uppercase label and 16/700 sans summary
  • Structure prose as bullet-first with bold blue square markers (#0044a5) and 24px hanging indent
  • Use Atiza serif for editorial body and headlines — single-serif discipline
  • Use NB International Pro for chrome, navigation, section labels, estimated-read pills
  • Use Axios blue (#0044a5) for primary CTAs, links, focus rings, newsletter banners
  • Mark every story with an estimated-read pill (“5 min read”) in blue-tinted backdrop
  • Run a sticky “Get smarter, faster” newsletter banner in Axios blue at the top of pages
  • Use newsletter cards with blue ground (#0044a5) and 6px radius for marketing CTAs
  • Use sentence-case button labels (“Subscribe”, “Sign in”) — Axios diverges from broadsheet uppercase convention

Don’t

  • Don’t write continuous prose articles — Axios is bullet-first, always
  • Don’t drop the TIME-BARS — every article uses them; without them the page loses its identity
  • Don’t use a different typeface for headlines vs body — Atiza handles both, single-serif discipline
  • Don’t use italic decks or pull-quotes — Axios uses sans 700 emphasis instead
  • Don’t push display weight to 800+ — restraint at 600–700 is brand voice
  • Don’t apply heavy shadows to article cards — depth comes from TIME-BARS and tinted blocks, not elevation
  • Don’t use orange or red as a primary brand color — Axios blue is the brand
  • Don’t drop the “Why it matters:” block at the top of articles — it’s the smart-brevity capsule summary
  • Don’t use uppercase button labels — Axios diverges to sentence case
  • Don’t use rounded card corners on editorial surfaces — broadsheet aesthetic for cards (newsletter cards excepted at 6px)

15. Agent Prompt Guide

Quick Color Reference

Axios-Blue:        #0044a5  (brand, links, CTAs, focus ring, newsletter banner)
Blue-Hover:        #003a8c
White-Canvas:      #ffffff
Body:              #333335  (observed on axios.com)
Time-Bar-Black:    #000000  (the 4px rule)
Why-It-Matters-BG: #f5f5f5  (gray-tinted block backdrop)
Hairline:          #e0e0e0
Brand-Red:         #d6062b  (breaking news only)
Newsletter-Banner: #0044a5  (same as brand)

Example Component Prompts

  • “Create an Axios article opening on white (#ffffff): section label in NB International Pro 14/700 uppercase tracked 0.04em (‘POLITICS’) in black; headline in Atiza 42/600 #333335 with -0.015em tracking; Atiza 18/400 deck; NB International Pro 13/600 byline (‘Sara Fischer’) with ‘NOV 5, 2024’ dateline; ‘5 min read’ pill in blue-tinted (#e6eef9) backdrop with blue (#0044a5) text. Below: a ‘Why it matters:’ block — gray-tinted (#f5f5f5) backdrop, 24×32px padding, with TIME-BAR (4px solid #000000 rule) above and uppercase ‘WHY IT MATTERS:’ label in NB International Pro 13/700 tracked 0.06em, then bold sans 16/700 summary text.”
  • “Build an Axios bullet-first prose section: 4px black TIME-BAR rule, uppercase NB International Pro 13/700 ‘THE BIG PICTURE:’ label, then bullet list with bold blue (#0044a5) square markers, 24px hanging indent, Atiza 17/400 body. Each bullet opens with a bold NB International Pro phrase (‘Reality check: …’) in sentence case followed by Atiza serif continuation.”
  • “Design an Axios newsletter signup card: blue ground (#0044a5) with 6px radius, 32px padding. White Atiza headline ‘Sign up for Axios AM’ at 26/600. White email input with white-outline ‘Sign up’ button. The card is the brand’s most-frequently-deployed marketing primitive.”
  • “Create an Axios primary CTA: Axios blue fill (#0044a5) with white text in NB International Pro 14/600 sentence case (‘Subscribe’ — NOT uppercase, Axios diverges from broadsheet convention), 4px radius, 14×24px padding, 44px height. Hover: darkens to #003a8c.”
  • “Build the ‘Get smarter, faster’ newsletter banner: sticky top banner, Axios blue (#0044a5) ground full-width, white text in NB International Pro 14/700 ‘Get smarter, faster — Sign up for Axios AM →’, dismiss X icon top-right (32×32px). Slides down from top over 320ms emphasized on first page load.”
  • “Design an Axios pull-quote: blue-tinted backdrop (#f0f4fb) with 4px Axios blue (#0044a5) left bar, 24×32px padding. Atiza 28/500 (no italic, sans-emphasis style is for labels only). The blue bar marks the pull-out without italic — Axios sans-emphasis discipline.”

Iteration Guide

  1. TIME-BARS are mandatory. Every article uses 4px black horizontal rules with uppercase NB International Pro 13/700 tracked 0.06em section labels (“WHY IT MATTERS:”, “THE BIG PICTURE:”, “WHAT’S NEXT:”). Without TIME-BARS the page loses its identity.
  2. Bullet-first prose, never continuous. Articles are bullet lists with bold blue square markers and hanging indents — not blocks of running text. Each bullet opens with a bolded sans phrase signaling the bullet’s role.
  3. Atiza for editorial, NB International Pro for chrome. Single-serif discipline (Atiza handles both display and body); single-sans for labels and chrome.
  4. Smart-brevity branded labels are part of the system. “Why it matters:”, “The big picture:”, “What’s next:”, “Yes, but:”, “Catch up quick:” — these are typography, not just copy. They mark structure.
  5. Estimated-read pill on every story. “5 min read” in blue-tinted (#e6eef9) backdrop with blue (#0044a5) text — the smart-brevity meta signature.
  6. Sentence-case button labels. Axios diverges from broadsheet uppercase CTA convention — buttons read “Subscribe”, “Sign in”, “Continue”.
  7. Newsletter cards are brand-blue grounds. Use #0044a5 ground with white text and 6px radius for marketing CTAs (the only place radius creeps above 4).
  8. Body color #333335. Slightly warm — observed on axios.com. Don’t use pure black for body.
Ship with this

Drop axios into your project, then ship the actual sections in an afternoon.

1 · install design
npx design-md add axios
2 · ship landing page
npx agentkit init --design axios
How AgentKit reads DESIGN.md
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